here is a brief description of the function / nutrient properties for plants, namely:
1. carbon (c)
important as the builder of organic material because most of the dry matter of plant consists of organic material, taken c02.
2. oxygen
are present in organic matter as atoms and include the construction of organic matter, taken from a c02 plant, the source is infinite and necessary for breathing.
3. hydrogen
is an essential element of the development of organic matter, its source of water and its quantity is not limited.
4. nitrogen (n)
taken and absorbed by the plant in the form: no3- nh4 +
nitrogen function for plants are:
a. necessary for the formation or growth of plant vegetative parts, such as leaves, stems and roots.
b. plays an important role in the formation of green leaves that are very useful in the process of photosynthesis.
c. forming proteins, fats and various organic compounds.
d. improve the quality of plants producing leaf.
e. increase the proliferation of micro-organisms in the soil.
As for the source of nitrogen is:
a. there is lightning in the air turned out to produce nitric substances, which then brought the rainwater seep into the earth.
b. plant remnants and organic ingredients.
c. microbial or bacteria.
d. artificial fertilizers (urea, za and others)
5. phosphorus
taken / absorbed by the plant in the form of: h2po4- hpo4- in general, the function of phosphor (p) in plants can be expressed as follows:
a. stimulate root growth, especially root seed / young plants.
b. accelerate and strengthen the growth of young plants into mature plants and increase the percentage of flowers into fruit / seeds.
c. helps assimilation and breathing while accelerating flowering and ripening of fruits, seeds or grains.
d. as a raw material for the formation of certain proteins.
6. potassium (k)
taken / absorbed plants in the form of: k +
potassium function for plants are:
a. helps the formation of proteins and carbohydrates.
b. play a role to strengthen the body of plants, harden the straw and wooden parts of the plant, so that leaves, flowers and fruit are not easily killed.
c. increase plant resistance to drought and disease.
d. improve the quality of the seeds / fruit.
potassium sources are:
a. several types of minerals.
b. plant remains and other organic materials.
c. irrigation water and soil solution.
d. artificial fertilizers (kcl, zk and others)
e. plant ash: young tea leaf ash contains about 50 k2o
7. calcium (ca)
taken / absorbed by plants in the form: ca ++
the function of calcium for plants is:
a. stimulating the formation of the root feathers
b. plays a role in the manufacture of proteins or the active part of the plant
c. hardening the stems of plants and simultaneously stimulate the formation of seeds
d. neutralize the organic acids produced at the time of metabolism
e. calcium contained in the stems and leaves can neutralize the compound or acidity of the soil
8. magnesium (mg)
taken / absorbed by the plant in the form of: mg ++
magnesium function for plants is:
a. magnesium is a plant part of chlorophyll
b. is one part of the enzyme called organic pyrophosphatse and carboxy peptisida
c. play a role in fruit formation
magnesium sources are:
a. limestone rock (dolomite limestone) caco3mgco3
b. salt epsom (epsom salt) mgso4.7h2o
c. kleserit mgso4.h2o
d. magnesia mgo
e. this substance comes from seawater that has undergone such a process:
mg cl2 + ca (oh) 2 --- mg (oh) 2 + ca cl2
mg (oh) 2 - hot-- mg o + h2o
f. turpentine mg3sio2 (oh) 4
g. magnesite mgco3
h. carnalite mgcl2kcl. 6h2o
i. basic slag
j. potassium magnesium sulfate (sulfate of potash magnesium)
9. sulfur (sulfur = s)
taken / absorbed by the plant in the form of: so4-
sulfur function for plants is:
a. play a role in the formation of root nodules
b. is an important element in several types of proteins in the form of cysteine, methionin and thiamine
c. help the growth of productive tillers
d. is an important part of oil-producing plants, vegetables such as chili, cabbage and others
e. helps the formation of green grains of leaves
sulfur sources are:
a. plant remains and other organic materials
b. ingredients of inorganic fertilizers such as za fertilizers and superfosphate fertilizers
10. iron (fe)
taken or absorbed by the plant in the form of: fe ++
the function of iron nutrients (fe) for plants is:
a. iron is important for the formation of green leaves (chlorophyll)
b. plays an important role in the formation of carbohydrates, fats and proteins
c. iron is present in the enzyme catalase, peroxidase, prinodic hydroginase and cytohrom oxidase
the sources of iron are:
a. chlorite and biotite mineral rocks
b. plant remains and other organic materials
11. manganese (mn)
taken / absorbed by the plant in the form of: mn ++
nutrient function of manganese (mn) for the plant is:
a. required by the plant for the formation of proteins and vitamins especially vitamin c
b. plays an important role in maintaining the green leaf condition on the old leaves
c. acting as an enzyme feroxidase and as an activator of various enzymes
d. serves as an important component for the smoothness of the assimilation process
manganese sources are:
a. mineral rock pyroluste mn o2
b. mineral rocks rhodonite mn sio3
c. mineral rocks rhodochrosit mn co3
d. plant remains and other organic materials
12. copper (cu)
taken / absorbed by the plant in the form of: cu ++
the function of nutrient copper (cu) for plants is:
a. required in the formation of enzymes such as ascorbic acid oxydase, lacose, coenzyme a butirid a. dehidrosenam
b. plays an important role in the formation of green leaves (chlorophyll)
13. zinc (zincum = zn)
taken / absorbed by plants in the form of: zn ++
the function of zinc nutrients (zn) for plants is:
a. in very small amounts can play a role in promoting growth
b. it is estimated that zinc compounds function in the formation of growth hormone (auxin) and important for physiological balance
c. play a role in vegetative growth and seed / fruit growth
zinc in soil contained in the form:
1. sulphide zn s
2. calamine zn co3
14. molybdenum (mo)
taken / absorbed by the plant in the form: mo o4-
function of nutrient molybdenum (mo) for the plant is:
a. play a role in binding (fixation) n by microbes in the leguminosa
b. as a catalyst in reducing n
c. useful for citrus and vegetable crops
molybdenum in the soil is present in mo s2
15. boron (bo)
taken / absorbed by the plant in the form of: bo o3-
the function of nutrient boron (bo) for the plant is:
a. served as transport carbohydrates in the body of the plant
b. improve the quality of vegetable crops and fruits
c. plays a role in the formation / breeding of cells especially in shoot-growing points, also in the formation of pollen, flowers and roots
d. boron is closely related to the metabolism of potassium (k) and calcium (ca)
e. the nutrient bo can multiply the nodule branches to provide many bacteria and prevent parasitic bacteria
boron (bo) in the soil is present in the form of:
a. datolix ca (oh) 2 bosio4
b. borax na2 bo4 o2. 10h2o
16. khlor (cl)
taken / absorbed by the plant in the form of: cl -
the function of chlorine nutrients (cl) for plants is:
a. improve and elevate the dry yields of crops such as: tobacco, cotton, potatoes and vegetable crops
b. widely found in water cells all parts of the plant
c. there are many in plants that contain fibers such as cotton, sisal
in addition to the 16 nutrients there are still other elements closely related to the plant that will be described briefly, namely:
1. sodium (na)
sodium can improve plant growth if the plants in question show symptoms of potassium deficiency (k).
sodium in the physiological process by k, ie preventing or preventing excessive uptake / absorption.
2. silicone (si)
grass plants, such as reeds and rice turned out to absorb a lot of si.
compared with nutrients n and p, it turns out the plant is larger in number.
3. nickel (ni)
this element is an activator rather than an enzyme, in its small form can accelerate plant growth.
4. titan (ti)
elements of titan are always present in plants, and are present in many nodules and legumes. with the administration of ti so4 nodules will increase while the fixation becomes more increased
5. selenium
excessive amounts do not cause damage to the plant, but cause poisoning for animals that eat the plant.
6. vanadium
serves to accelerate the reproduction of azotobacter resulting in increased fixation of n from air.
7. argon
element of argon needed plants to support its growth and development. the excess of this element can cause poisoning in plants. Poisoning of roots by argon is commonly found in paddy fields.
8. iodine
element of iodine even though the condition is slightly apparently necessary for the growth and development of healthy plants.
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